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base:writing_a_sector_to_disk [2015-04-17 04:34] (current) – created - external edit 127.0.0.1
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 +====== Writing a sector to disk ======
 +
 +For writing a sector to disk, the Commodore DOS offers the block write command. Due to heavy bugs in the B-W command, Commodore has sacrificed one of the user commands as a bugfix replacement. So instead of B-W you simply use U2.
 +
 +The format of this DOS command is: "U2 <channel> <drive> <track> <sector>"
 +
 +The drive parameter is only used for dual disk drives, so for all common C64/C128/C16 drives this parameter will always be 0.
 +
 +Parameters track and sector explain themselves. They are sent in PETSCII format, so in assembler often a binary to PETSCII conversion is needed.
 +
 +A speciality of this command is the channel parameter. Actually you can't simply send this command to the drive and then start to send sector bytes. For the sending of the bytes you have to open another file which is adressed by this parameter.
 +
 +Before you send bytes into the channel buffer, it is neccessary to set the buffer pointer to 0 via the B-P command.
 +
 +BASIC code:
 +<code>
 +10 SA=8192
 +20 OPEN 2,8,2,"#"
 +30 OPEN 15,8,15,"B-P 2 0"
 +40 FOR I=0 TO 255
 +50 A=PEEK(SA):SA=SA+1
 +60 PRINT#2,CHR$(A);
 +70 NEXT I
 +80 PRINT#15,"U2 2 0 18 0"
 +90 CLOSE 15:CLOSE 2
 +</code>
 +Assembler code:
 +<code>
 +sector_address = $2000  ; just an example
 +
 +        ; open the channel file
 +
 +        LDA #cname_end-cname
 +        LDX #<cname
 +        LDY #>cname
 +        JSR $FFBD     ; call SETNAM
 +
 +        LDA #$02      ; file number 2
 +        LDX $BA       ; last used device number
 +        BNE .skip
 +        LDX #$08      ; default to device 8
 +.skip   LDY #$02      ; secondary address 2
 +        JSR $FFBA     ; call SETLFS
 +
 +        JSR $FFC0     ; call OPEN
 +        BCS .error    ; if carry set, the file could not be opened
 +
 +        ; open the command channel
 +
 +        LDA #bpcmd_end-bpcmd
 +        LDX #<bpcmd
 +        LDY #>bpcmd
 +        JSR $FFBD     ; call SETNAM
 +        LDA #$0F      ; file number 15
 +        LDX $BA       ; last used device number
 +        LDY #$0F      ; secondary address 15
 +        JSR $FFBA     ; call SETLFS
 +
 +        JSR $FFC0     ; call OPEN (open command channel and send B-P command)
 +        BCS .error    ; if carry set, the file could not be opened
 +
 +        ; check drive error channel here to test for
 +        ; FILE NOT FOUND error etc.
 +
 +        LDX #$02      ; filenumber 2
 +        JSR $FFC9     ; call CHKOUT (file 2 now used as output)
 +
 +        LDA #<sector_address
 +        STA $AE
 +        LDA #>sector_address
 +        STA $AF
 +
 +        LDY #$00
 +.loop   LDA ($AE),  ; read byte from memory
 +        JSR $FFD2     ; call CHROUT (write byte to channel buffer)
 +        INY
 +        BNE .loop     ; next byte, end when 256 bytes are read
 +
 +        LDX #$0F      ; filenumber 15
 +        JSR $FFC9     ; call CHKOUT (file 15 now used as output)
 +
 +        LDY #$00
 +.loop2  LDA bwcmd,  ; read byte from command string
 +        JSR $FFD2     ; call CHROUT (write byte to command channel)
 +        INY
 +        CPY #bwcmd_end-bwcmd
 +        BNE .loop2    ; next byte, end when 256 bytes are read
 +.close
 +
 +        JSR $FFCC     ; call CLRCHN
 +
 +        LDA #$0F      ; filenumber 15
 +        JSR $FFC3     ; call CLOSE
 +
 +        LDA #$02      ; filenumber 2
 +        JSR $FFC3     ; call CLOSE
 +
 +        JSR $FFCC     ; call CLRCHN
 +        RTS
 +.error
 +        ; Akkumulator contains BASIC error code
 +
 +        ; most likely errors:
 +        ; A = $05 (DEVICE NOT PRESENT)
 +
 +        ... error handling for open errors ...
 +        JMP .close    ; even if OPEN failed, the file has to be closed
 +
 +cname:  .TEXT "#"
 +cname_end:
 +
 +bpcmd:  .TEXT "B-P 2 0"
 +bpcmd_end:
 +
 +bwcmd:  .TEXT "U2 2 0 18 0"
 +        .BYTE $0D     ; carriage return, required to start command
 +bwcmd_end:
 +</code>
  
base/writing_a_sector_to_disk.txt · Last modified: 2015-04-17 04:34 by 127.0.0.1